406 research outputs found
Pointing and voicing in deictic expressions
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Semantic context effects when naming Japanese kanji, but not Chinese hà nzì
The process of reading aloud bare nouns in alphabetic languages is immune to semantic context effects from pictures. This is accounted for by assuming that words in alphabetic languages can be read aloud relatively fast through a sub-lexical grapheme-phoneme conversion (GPC) route or by a direct route from orthography to word form. We examined semantic context effects in a word-naming task in two languages with logographic scripts for which GPC cannot be applied: Japanese kanji and Chinese hanzi. We showed that reading aloud bare nouns is sensitive to semantically related context pictures in Japanese, but not in Chinese. The difference between these two languages is attributed to processing costs caused by multiple pronunciations for Japanese kanji. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Stroop dilution but not word-processing dilution : evidence for attention capture
Stroop dilution refers to the observation that
the impact of a color word on the naming of a color bar
is reduced if another word-like object is displayed
simultaneously. Recently, Brown, Roos-Gilbert, and
Carr (1995) concluded that Stroop dilution is due to
early-visual interference. This conclusion was evaluated
in three experiments. Experiment 1 showed that, contrary
to the predictions of an early-visual interference
account, (a) diluters that are similar in terms of visual
complexity induced different amounts of dilution and (b)
the size of the dilution effect is proportional to the size of
the Stroop interference effect when the diluters are used
as single distractors. Experiments 2 and 3 revealed that
when the position of the color bar is pre-cued, Stroop
dilution disappears. We argue that these findings support
Van der Heijden’s (1992) attention-capture account
of Stroop dilution.The first author was supported by a grant of the Westfalisch-Lippische
Universitatsgesellschaft, Biefeld, Germany.peer-reviewe
The multiple pronunciations of Japanese kanji: A masked priming investigation
English words with an inconsistent grapheme-to-phoneme conversion or with more than one pronunciation (homographic heterophones; e.g., lead-/l epsilon d/, /lid/) are read aloud more slowly than matched controls, presumably due to competition processes. In Japanese kanji, the majority of the characters have multiple readings for the same orthographic unit: the native Japanese reading (KUN) and the derived Chinese reading (ON). This leads to the question of whether reading these characters also shows processing costs. Studies examining this issue have provided mixed evidence. The current study addressed the question of whether processing of these kanji characters leads to the simultaneous activation of their KUN and ON reading, This was measured in a direct way in a masked priming paradigm. In addition, we assessed whether the relative frequencies of the KUN and ON pronunciations (dominance ratio, measured in compound words) affect the amount of priming. The results of two experiments showed that: (a) a single kanji, presented as a masked prime, facilitates the reading of the (katakana transcriptions of) their KUN and ON pronunciations; however, (b) this was most consistently found when the dominance ratio was around 50% (no strong dominance towards either pronunciation) and when the dominance was towards the ON reading (high-ON group). When the dominance was towards the KUN reading (high-KUN group), no significant priming for the ON reading was observed. Implications for models of kanji processing are discussed
Orthographic and phonological facilitation in speech production: New evidence from picture naming in Chinese
Theoretical and Experimental Linguistic
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